pokoeny



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. J. POKORNY.

AIR SHIP.

Patented Apr. 1, 1890. 2961;

ATTORNEY.

N. Wrens Phoioljlhaznphcn wumn mn. D4 (1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.-

(No Model.)

J. J. P OK ORNY.

AIR SHIP,

'NQ. 421L822. Patented A l". 1 1890.

ATTORNEY.

N. PETERS, Phmume n mr, Wnihinghn. n. c.

I i I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHNJ. POKORNY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

AIR-SHIP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,822, dated April 1,1890.

Application filed October 19, 1889. Serial No. 327,537. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN J. POKORNY, a

. citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Air-Ships5 and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to improvements in air-ships, by which theliability of steering is facilitated.

The following description fully explains the nature of my invention, andthe mechanism by which I attain the object of the invention isillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 represents a plan of my improved air-ship. Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the car in line 00 m, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical section ofthe same on line 3 3 Fig. 2; and Fig. t is a longitudinal section of thecar.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts i A in thedrawings represents the balloon, and B the car, of my improved air-ship.The car is attached direct to the balloon to prevent the dangling of thesame when the airship is fioating in the air. A gas, electric, or anyother motor 0 is placed on the bottom of the car, by which motion isimparted to the shafts Ct a and a a of the propelling-screws by means ofbelting. The shafts have pulleys of different diameter, so that theturning motion of the shafts by placing the belts on the differentpulleys can be increased or decreased, as desired. Two sets ofpropellingscrews 1) b and b b, driven by the shafts a a and a a, areemployed in the car. The transmission. of motion from the motor to theshafts is so arranged that one set of screws can have a motionindependent from the speed of the other set, and that the motion of theshafts a a and screws 1) I) can be entirely stopped while the shafts a aand screws 1) b are continually running. The plan of the transmission ofmotion is clearly shown in Fig. 3. The motor 0 imparts its turningmotion by means of the belt 1 to the shafts a a, which are connectedwith each other by the belt 2. The shafts a a, which are connected witheach other by the belt 3, receive their motion from the shafts a a bymeans of the belt 4. IVhen it is desired to stop the motion of the shafta a, the belt 4 is placed on a loose pulley on a corresponding shaft a.By this arrangement and by means of the pulleys of different diameterson the shafts, the mot-ion of the propelling-screws Z) Z; can bedecreased or stopped while the propelling-screws b I) keep their regularspeed.

The rudder 1), outside of the stern of the car, is connected by a hingeto the rudderpole cl, which passes through the whole length of the ear.The pole (Z is provided with holes d, by means of which and boltspassing through the same the pole can be so set thatthe rudder may beplaced at any required distance from the stern of the car. The steeringmotion of the rudder is produced by means of two ropes e and c, fastenedto the outer edge of the rudder and passing between two sets of pulleysf f through the back wall of the car to a Windlass E, to which the ropesare so fastened that by the turning of the Windlass one rope is wound upwhile the other rope is unwound. The simultaneous but reversed motion ofthe ropes causes the steering action of the rudder.

A wind-board F is attached by means of hinges to the outside of thebottom of the car. Two or more ropes g, which are fastened to thewind-board near its outer edge, pass over pulleys It on the outside ofthe back wall of the car and through the same to the Windlass G,attached to the inside of the said back wall. A quadrant II, of iron orother suitable material, passing through the bottom of the car, isfastened to the wind-board. VVh'en it is desired to lower thewind-board, the ropes g are unwound from the Windlass G. As soon as thewind-board has reached the required position the quadrant II, by meansof a bolt passing through guide-holes in the quadrant, or by any othersuitable locking device, is fastened to a standard i.

The bottom of the car is provided with alongitudinal opening 7c,alongside of which rails Z are fastened, on which moves a carriage J,holding the anchor-Windlass. This arrange ment has for its purpose tocontribute, if necessary, by the location of the anchor to the properbalance of the air-ship. If desired, the longitudinal opening is may beclosed by a cover m.

The car has in the upper part of the walls openings B to allow the windpressing sidelong against the air-ship a passage and to de crease theresistance of the air-current.

I do not attach the car to the balloon by means of ropes, as usuallydone, but give the upper part of the car such a shape that the balloonfits exactly into the upper part of the car, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.The car is attached direct to the balloon, and may be fastened to thesame by means of bolts, rivets, or otherwise.

The car may be provided with doors and windows, as desired.

When the air-ship is floating in the air by means of the gas containedin the balloon, it

per set of screws keeping the air-ship in its proper direction whiledescending. It is evident that the action of the upper set of screwswill bring the air-ship into a tilting position. To prevent this thewind-board is lowered, whereby a resistance against the current of airat the hind part of the car is produced, which in a certain degreeneutralizes the effect of the upper set of screws, and enables theair-ship to go down in a horizontal position. Should this position notbe reached by the lowering of the wind-board, it will be aided by movingthe anchor to the back partof the car, as above mentioned.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Pat ent In an air-ship, a rudder hinged to a pole passingalongside through the car, and being provided with holes by means ofwhich and bolts passing through said holes the rudder can be set closeto or a distance from the stern of the car, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN J. POKORNY.

WVitnesses DANL. GERBER, ALFRED GUISBERG. i

